EDITORIAL POLICIES

Thanks to the JEA Model Editorial Policy and the KHS Editorial Policy for guiding us through this process.

DREYFOOS SCHOOL OF THE ARTS THE MUSE EDITORIAL POLICY

“Congress shall make no law…abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press….”

–The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America

“The vigilant protection of constitutional freedoms is nowhere more vital than in the community of American schools.”

–Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District

The Muse editorial policy pertains to the newsmagazine, The Muse, and the website, themuseatdreyfoos.com.

The Muse is a student publication produced by Journalism IV, V, and VI classes at A.W. Dreyfoos School of the Arts. The Muse has been established as designated public forums for student editors to inform and educate their readers as well as for the discussion of issues of concern to their audience. It will not be reviewed or restrained by school officials prior to publication or distribution. The advisor may–and should–coach and discuss content during the production process.

Because school officials do not engage in prior review, the content of The Muse is determined by and reflects only the views of the student staff and not school officials or the school itself. Its student editors and responsible student staff members assume complete legal and financial liability for the content of the publication.

I. FREEDOM OF THE PRESS

As it is essential to preserve the freedom of the press in order to preserve a free society,

The media will serve the best interest of the students and faculty of Dreyfoos School of the Arts, keeping itself free from any commercial obligations distracting from this purpose; this is defined by the media itself;
Any decisions affecting the publications on all levels will be made by the student editors, the advisor is allowed to give legal advice and his/her opinion, but the final decision rests in the hands of the school administration;
The student editors will prevent material it judges to be in violation of the media editorial policy from being printed;
All media will vigorously resist all attempts at censorship, particularly pre-publication censorship;
All media retains the right to publish any and all material obtained through an interview by a staff member of the publications staff, holding that the interviewee was made aware that the information could be published in any form at any time;
All student media referenced in this editorial policy are designated public forums;
Student journalists may use print and electronic media to report news and information, to communicate with other students and individuals, to ask questions of and consult with experts and to gather material to meet their news gathering and research needs;
The Muse and its staff are protected by and bound to the principles of the First Amendment and other protections and limitations afforded by the Constitution and the various laws and court decisions implementing those principles;
The Muse will not publish any material determined by student editors or the student editors to be unprotected, that is, material that is libelous, obscene, materially disruptive of the school process, an unwarranted invasion of privacy, a violation of copyright or a promotion of products or services unlawful (illegal) as to minors as defined by state or federal law;
Definitions and examples for the above instances of unprotected speech can be found in Law of the Student Press published by the Student Press Law Center.

II. THE STUDENT EDITORS

The student editors decide on all decisions that pertain directly The Muse and their interests.
The student editor and staff who want appropriate outside legal advice regarding proposed content should seek attorneys knowledgeable in media law such as those of the Student Press Law Center. Final content decisions and responsibility shall remain with the student editors.
The duly appointed editor or co-editors shall interpret and enforce this editorial policy.

III. THE ADVISOR

The advisor is a professional teaching staff member and is in charge of the class just as in a conventional classroom situation;
Is a certified journalism teacher that serves as a professional role model, motivator, catalyst for ideas and professionalism, and an educational resource;
Provides a journalistic, professional learning atmosphere for students by allowing them to make the decision of content for the media and ensuring the media will remain an open forum;
Guides the media in accordance with approved editorial policy and aids the educational process related to producing material;
May caution, act as legal consultant and educator terms of unprotected speech, but has no power over censorship or veto except for constitutionally valid reasons;
Will keep abreast of the latest trends on journalism and share these with students;
Will submit student media produced by the students to rating services and contests in order for the school publications staff to receive feedback;
Will forward any received correspondence and/or information to the appropriate editors;
Will provide information to the staff about journalism scholarships and other financial aid, and make available information and contacts concerning journalism as a career;
Will work with the faculty and administration to help them understand the freedoms accorded to the students and the professional goals of the school publications;
The advisor will not act as a censor or determine the content of the paper. The advisor will offer advice and instruction, following the Code of Ethics for Advisors established by the Journalism Education Association as well as the Canons of Professional Journalism. School officials shall not fire or otherwise discipline advisors for content in student media that is determined and published by the student staff.

IV. THE BUILDING ADMINISTRATION

The Dreyfoos School of the Arts administration will provide the students of DSOA with a qualified journalism instructor to serve as a professional role model, adequate classroom equipment, and space for a sound journalism program.
DSOA administration will offer equal opportunity to minority and/or marginalized students to participate in journalism programs.
DSOA administration is not required to view and approve publication content before publishing.

All content decisions will be made in occurrence to the following provisions while keeping in mind that the overall purpose, role, and goal of The Muse is to:

Inform, interpret and entertain their readers through accurate and factual reports, where information has been thoroughly gathered and information has been completely verified;
Serve as an educational laboratory experience for those on staff;
Be accurate, fair and impartial in its coverage of issues that affect the school community;
The Muse will not avoid publishing a story solely on the basis of possible dissent or controversy;
Cover the total school population as effectively and accurately as possible;
The staff of The Muse will strive to report all issues in a legal, objective, accurate and ethical manner, according to the Canons of Professional Journalism developed by the Society for Professional Journalists. The Canons of Professional Journalism include a code of ethics concerning accuracy, responsibility, integrity, conflict of interest, impartiality, fair play, freedom of the press, independence, sensationalism, personal privacy, obstruction of justice, credibility and advertising.

A. REGARDING PROFANITY

The media will not print unnecessary profanity.
The student editors will make the decision on whether the content is considered profane or whether it is a cultural or non-vulgar slang term.
The student editors reserve the right to edit quotes for unnecessary profanity or unnecessarily offensive words, quotes that have been edited will be noted accordingly when published.
Any edited quote will be read back to the source prior to publishing and sources will have a chance to make changes.
Staff interviewers have the right to ask a source when necessary to repeat a quote without the use of profane language.

B. REGARDING STAFF WRITING

All writing in the media, other than letters to the editor, will be written by students of the journalism program and will not be accepted otherwise.
DSOA students outside of the media staffs will have the opportunity to submit writing to the media.
Any writing submitted from an outside source for use will be accepted or declined upon request of the student editors or when open opportunities arise and will be viewed by EICs and advisor for verification.
Any material submitted from an outside source can be edited by the student editors’ discretion and must comply with this policy.
Writing must be the original work of the writer and not previously published on any publication unless otherwise specified by the advisor and EICs.

C. REGARDING EDITORIALS

All printed editorial subject matter will be determined by the student editors.
The media will not publish any material for which there is evidence that the author is using the paper for inappropriate personal gain.
The media will endeavor to provide a chance to comment on all sides of a critical issue in the same edition.
The student editors, which consists of the staff ’s student editors, will determine the content, including all unsigned editorials. The views stated in editorials represent that of a majority of the publication’s staff. Signed columns or reviews represent only the opinion of the author.
The opinion section will be limited to op/ed, staff editorials, personal columns, and reviews unless otherwise stated.

D. REGARDING CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES

All coverage of controversial issues will occur upon a timely subject.
All sides of the issue will be presented and reviewed so as to refrain from any bias, with exception of opinions.
In news, all sides of a school, community, city, state, national, or international political issue will be presented factually so as to inform rather than promote or endorse.
The media will not publish material that is unnecessarily obscene, libelous or an unwarranted invasion of privacy.
The media will not attack people and/or organizations;
If a question on the veracity of publication persists, the issue will be brought to the student editors who must consider the following questions before publication of the piece:
1. Why is it a concern?
2. What is its journalistic purpose?
3. Is the information accurate and complete?
4. Are any important POVs omitted?
5. How would we feel if the story was about ourselves or someone we know?
6. What are the consequences’ of the publication?
7. Is there a logical explanation to anyone who challenges the issue?
8. Is it worth risking our credibility?
9. What are the alternatives?

E. REGARDING BYLINES

All articles, graphics, photos, art, columns, pages, reviews and other material creatively conceived, with exception to staff editorials, mugshots and cutouts will be bylined with the producer’s name.
All bylined writers will be held accountable for their work.
When more than one person has contributed creatively to a piece of work, any person who has contributed to the work must be bylined as a contributor.

F. REGARDING NEWS AND FEATURES

The media will specialize in and emphasize on informing their readers of school news and unique students in the Dreyfoos School of the Arts community.
The media will cover community, state, national and international news if it is directly relevant to the school community, and includes a local angle.
The media will strive to provide coverage to all school organizations and functions.
When faced with undesirable news such as student or staff or faculty crimes, the publications will endeavor to publish the facts correctly, explain the issue and put a stop to any speculative stories that inevitably develop.
Major district issues and news will be the priority over school news (these major issues will be decided by the student editors).

G. REGARDING DEATHS

Any current student, staff member, faculty member or building administrator that dies during the year will be recognized in the school media.
The media will publish factual information (date of birth, date of death, survivors, organizations, hobbies, interests) in a 300-400 word article including one mug shot if possible in The Muse and themuseatdreyfoos.com
The school media will work to obtain permission from the deceased’s family before publishing any information regarding the cause of death, if permission is not granted, the student editors reserve the final say in the publication of cause of death. Suicide will not be listed as a cause of death.
The school media will treat all deaths in a tasteful, respectful way.
An issue, or portion of an issue, should not be dedicated to or in memory of the deceased.

H. REGARDING ILLUSTRATIONS, PHOTOGRAPHS, GRAPHICS, ETC.

All captions will record the who and other necessary information in the photo.
All photographs must be captioned and bylined, with the exception of mugs, cutouts, and some photo illustrations.
Bylines are required on all online photos, graphic, and galleries.
Any photographs that contain any inappropriate attire or actions must be reshot unless otherwise approved.
The artwork represents the interpretations of the artist, not necessarily of the staff or DSOA.
The publications will not publish any photos, illustrations etc. that ridicule, demean or misleadingly represent any individual or group.
Electronic manipulations changing the essential truth of the photo or illustration will be clearly labeled if used.

I. REGARDING ERRORS

Concerns about errors in the school media may be submitted to The Muse staff, our email is [email protected]
The student editors retain the right to determine whether, in fact, an error has been made.
Known and or found errors that are brought to the attention of the school media will be addressed regardless if realized by the author, audience or staff member.
Staff members will strive to correct errors prior to publication; however, if the student editors determine a significant error is printed, the student editors will determine the manner and timeliness of a correction.
Major corrections are determined by the editors and advisor.
If changes are made to a web story once a story has been posted, the change will be noted along with the date and time the change was made.

J. REGARDING ADVERTISING

The publications will not accept advertising for products that are illegal for minors to purchase and/or use.
Students not of legal age whose photographs appear in an advertisement of the publications are required to sign a model release form, as well as their legal guardian.
The publications will not run advertisements without a proper signature on the advertising contract which explains terms of payment, content, size, publishing dates and includes attached layout.
The publications will not accept personal or classified advertising.
All advertisements need to be approved by the student editors, any advertisement not deemed appropriate by student editors will not run.
The publications will cease to publish advertising of any advertiser that does not meet payment obligations specified in school contact.
All advertisers will receive a complimentary issue of The Muse in which their advertisement has run.
If a published advertisement is incorrect in substantive content, a reduced price or corrected run will be negotiated.
Web advertisements appear in a specific section of the website and randomly rotate through the area each time the page is refreshed.
Advertising that appears in the media is not necessarily endorsed by the media or its staff members, editorial board or advisor.

K. REGARDING DISTRIBUTION AND CIRCULATION

Daily updates will be made to the website throughout the week during the school year. While less frequent, updates will be made to the site during breaks.
The school newsmagazine will be distributed free of charge to all students according to a distribution schedule approved by the advisor and editors. Magazines will be distributed every 9 weeks unless specified otherwise by the advisor and student editors.
Current copies of the school newsmagazine will also be displayed in the library, main office, guidance office and locations around the school.
Advertising revenues and fundraising are to be used to pay for the school media printing costs, supplies, and other media expenses.
All budget surpluses are to be used for future production of the school media.
The Muse will be distributed during lunch.
The school newsmagazine will accept subscriptions for the price of $56 (domestically) and $78 (internationally) for the entire year.
Total press runs each issue is approximately 1,500 unless specified otherwise by the advisor or student editors.
Exchange publications are received and kept in the publication room (1-102).
Exchange publications are mailed to other media rooms across the US.

L. REGARDING LETTERS TO THE EDITOR AND ONLINE COMMENTS

Letters to the editor will be printed in the opinion section of the newsmagazine or on the website.
Guidelines to write letters to the editor will be published in the magazine each issue and are available online at themuseatdreyfoos.com.
We welcome and will print letters to the editors, which should be submitted to the Pressroom (1-102) or submitted to [email protected].
Letters to the editor should not exceed 300 words, must be signed and must include writer’s email or phone number for verification.
Letters to the editor will be verified by a member of the student editors to determine the authenticity of the writer.
No material will be printed where content is obscene, invasive of another’s’ privacy, encouraging physical disruption of school activities and/or implies libel.
The Muse student editors reserve the right to withhold a letter or column or other submission and/OR return it for revision if it contains unprotected speech or grammatical errors that could hamper its meaning. Deadlines for letters and columns will be determined by each year’s student staff, allowing sufficient time for verification of authorship prior to publication.
All letters to the editor become the property of the school newsmagazine upon receipt and will not be returned to the author.
We reserve the right to edit or decline at our discretion. All edits will be made for grammar and clarity. These edits must be approved by the individual who submitted the letter.
We encourage readers to voice their opinions respectfully in regards to both the readers and writers of the publication.
Comments will be pre-moderated and may be removed if deemed to be in violation of this policy.
Comments should remain on topic, concerning the article they are about. Brevity is encouraged.
Posting under a pseudonym is not permitted. Comments must include a verifiable name and email.
A comment will be deleted if:
1. The comment attacks a named or identified person or group unreasonably;
2. The comment makes readers unreasonably uncomfortable on the basis of one’s race, gender, religion, disability, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or otherwise.
3. The comment attacks personally any school employee.
4. The comment contains excessive obscenities or sexual explicitness.
5. It is determined that the comment is made under a false name or uses another person’s name or e-mail address.
6. The comment threatens or encourages violence.
7. The comment encourages illegal behavior.
8. The comment made violates copyright or privacy protections.
Alerts will be sent to staff editors each time a comment is posted to the site.
Online comments that are found in violation of the editorial policy will be removed as quickly as possible.
Personal attacks are not allowed.

M. REGARDING REVIEWS

The reviewer must have experience in the area in which they are reviewing.
All reviews will be bylined and all reviews will be expressed opinions of the author, the student editors and newsmagazine staff does not express opinions on the subject matter.
All reviews will be to evaluate and inform, not to promote.
Evaluative criteria used will be determined by student editors depending on whether the event or item being reviewed is professional or amateur in nature.
Review ideas may be submitted to the student editors by all members of The Muse.
All reviews must first be reviewed by the opinion editor prior to publishing.
All reviews need to be reviewed and printed in a current and timely manner.

N. SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media will be used to promote The Muse, to promote published content, and to engage the DSOA community.
The student editors reserve the right to remove comments that violate any provisions hitherto outlined by this policy.
Information posted on social media platforms should be held to the same standard as all other reporting in terms of information gathering and fact-checking.
The official social media accounts should avoid promotion of events and remain objective, reporting what is fact. Reporters using personal social media to cover events should do the same.
Information gained through social media channels should be verified through multiple channels before passing it along to others.
Audience engagement through social media should be done in a professional manner.
Staff members using applications to post updates to social media accounts should have separate applications for their personal account and for the school media accounts. This will limit the chance of a post being sent from the wrong account.
Transparency is important. Mistakes made on social media posts should be corrected as soon as possible and any deleted posts should be acknowledged in subsequent postings.

O. PUBLICITY

The goal of the business and social media sections, as well as the Assistant Digital Managing editor, includes promoting and expanding the media viewing audience.
The publicity team will work with all aspects of the media.
The publicity team will work to attend all major events held by the district or school with the intent of promotion.
All events or important dates known by the advisor, staff members or student editors will be passed along to the staff.
The Social Media Editor will work with the web team to promote the publication through outside sources such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat.

P. PRIOR REVIEW POLICY

Sources will be able to have quotes read back at the time of the interview or at the reporter’s initiative.
Sources will not be able to arbitrarily demand to read the reporter’s completed story and then perform editing tasks on that story.
The media reporters will endeavor to include the name and identity of all sources if reporter believes that doing so will not result in endangerment, harassment or any other form of undue physical, mental, emotional anguish for the source.
The media reporters will not, within all boundaries of law, reveal a source who asks to remain nameless.
All media interviewers will respect the interviewees’ rights to have information remain “off the record” if the fact is known before giving the information to the interviewer.
The media will not be reviewed by anyone outside of the student editors aside from the advisor prior to its release to the public, the advisor is allowed to review the publication, but not required to, for the sole purpose of acting as legal consultant and educator in terms of unprotected speech; the advisor reading content is not considered prior review unless he/she makes changes or directs changes.

Q. STUDENT & STAFF PUBLICATION POLICY

All students and staff of Dreyfoos School of the Arts are eligible for publication in The Muse.
Any student or staff member wishing to ‘opt out’ of being published in the student media needs to alert the student media advisor.
All efforts will be made to keep students and staff who have ‘opted out’ of coverage from publication in The Muse.

VI: STAFF POLICY FOR SELECTION AND DISMISSAL

EDITOR AND STAFF SELECTION PROCESS

Editor-in-chief(s) and other editor level positions are chosen by a faculty advisor, with input from the previous year’s student editors.
New and returning staffers are judged by application, interview, previous work, potential, and perquisite class work.
Applicants are not turned down because of age, race, sex, religion, mental or physical handicap that does not impair editorial responsibilities.
Staff applications are due in March and April of each year prior to registration.
The staff and editors are selected each March and April. The advisor reserves the right to make changes to the list as he/she deems necessary.
Editor titles and positions are not named until after the third issue has been finalized.

REGARDING STAFF DISMISSAL

All individuals involved with The Muse are considered a team, each member is expected to complete all assigned stories, pages, photos, etc. on or before the assigned deadline. Staff members, including editors, may be dismissed from their positions and/or the publications staff itself if any of the following violations occur:
1. continuously missed deadlines (dismissal procedures will take place by choice of advisor and EICs)
2. Plagiarism
3. Quote falsification
4. Vandalism or theft of publication equipment
5. Continuous negative or pessimistic attitude toward a staff member or advisor
6. Submitting an advanced page design, story, photo or other publishable items to anyone outside the media staff without approval by the student editors
7. Two suspensions in one academic year
8. Failing to fulfill job as outlined in the job description

Major infractions will result in immediate dismissal from staff duties and dismissal from class and staff at the end of the semester (major infractions include but are not limited to following: plagiarism, vandalism, theft).
Minor infractions will be given a written warning for the first one. The second one is immediate dismissal from staff duties and dismissal from class and staff at end of the semester.
Warnings will be written and signed by the advisor and editor-in-chief(s), as well as the staff member in question.
An editor will be stripped of his her title if suspended.
First misdemeanor or arrest will result in the loss of editor’s title, and second will result in dismissal from staff.
Each member of the student editors and advisor will attend a meeting with the potentially dismissed student to discuss the issue, the advisor will make the final decision.
The academic nature of the school newsmagazine class allows removal of editors or staff members when school and or established media policy is violated.
The above list infractions could all result in dismissal however, staff dismissals are not limited to the listed infractions.
A dismissed staff member receiving academic credit may be given a grade of F and will not be allowed to register for any other journalism courses (will not preempt school policy).
Dismissal procedures are reviewed and approved by the student editors.
The dismissed staff member may appeal their dismissal in writing to the student editors within three school days following dismissal.
All dismissal appeals will be directed to the building principal and the student editors.

VII. QUERIES

Questions or complaints concerning material published in the media should be made in writing to the editor-in-chief(s) who will present the concern at the next scheduled student editors meeting.
Resolutions will be made within limits of deadlines.

VIII. PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATION

The Muse should be a member of state, national and/or international organizations.